The Paria gulf (Sucre state, Venezuela) has a heterogeneous coastal topography with varied environments. This is the first study of the macroalgae and polychaetes of Macuro, a population located in this gulf, with collected samples at 10 stations in May 2014. Macroalgae and polychaetes were collected in delimited areas with a quadrat and a benthic core, respectively, and preserved with formalin. Twenty-three macroalgae species were found: five Chlorophyta, four Ochrophyta and 14 Rhodophyta. The rhodophyceae Ceratodictyon variabile is a new record for the Paria gulf. The dominant species was Padina gymnospora and the most constant was Centroceras clavulatum, with low diversity values (average 1,37 bits/ind.). Seventeen species and 13 families of polychaetes were identified, with Nereididae and Spionidae being the best represented, with diversity values ranging from 0 to 2,23 bits/ind. Are recorded for the first time for the country Eunice lanai, Perinereis floridana, Ancistrosyllis jonesi and Pseudopolydora floridensis. Polychaetes are more abundant in rocky areas with macroalgae, which stimulate their development by providing them with food and shelter areas from predation. Despite being a short study, it is notable that four polychaetes are new records for Venezuela, which highlights the importance of taxonomic studies for this region.
